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Embhuleni

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Embhuleni ngumuti webukhosi bemaSwati eNingizimu Afrika, esifundzeni saseMpumalanga. Utholakala eBadplaas futsi uyindzawo lehlala kuyo iINkosi yaseEmbhuleni, iNkhosana Makhosonke Dlamini.[1]

Bantfu Embhuleni ngesikhatsi se Ummemo

Embhuleni ingulenye yetindzawo eNingizimu Afrika lapho kubanjelwa khona umcimbi wemnyaka ngemnyaka we-Ummemo.[2] Sigungu lesibusako ngaphansi kweNkhosana Dlamini satiwa ngekutsi Sibaya saseEmbhuleni[1] futsi simelwe eNdlini Yelivelonke Yebaholi Bendzabuko.[3][4] Le ndzawo iphindze yatiwe ngekutsi Sigodlo saLaMagadlela, libito lelatfolwa kumfati weNkhosi Mswati II, Gogo LaMagadlela, lobekayiNdlovukazi yaseEmbhuleni ngeminyaka yabo-1800.[5]

Umlandvo

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Sigodlo saseEmbhuleni sabakhona kusukela cishe nga-1842.[6] Sasungulwa yiNkhosi Mswati II njengendzawo yelibutfo ngenhloso yekuvikela umhlaba weSwatini ekuhlaselweni lokungahle kwentiwe ngemaPedi.[7]

Indzawo yekucala yekuhlala kwebukhosi eEmbhuleni yakhiwa eTjakastad, ngaphansi kweNtsaba uMkhingoma.[8][9] Lomunye webafati beNkhosi Mswati II, iNkosikati Ngodzela Mkhonta, bekahlala lapho ekucaleni, kwase kutsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi kwafika naMakhosikati Butsikati naMnkabi, labebatfunyelwe kutsi batohlala khona njengebafati beNkhosi. Noko, Ngodzela wabuyiselwa eSwatini ngemuva kwekusolwa ngekutsi wafihla kukhohlakala kwalomunye umfati waMswati II, Ndzinga Jele.[5]

Ngemuva kwekubuyiselwa kwaNgodzela eSwatini, iNkosikati Nandzi Khumalo, lebeyatiwa ngekutsi nguLaMagadlela, yatfunyelwa eEmbhuleni esikhundleni saNgodzela. Bekayindvodzakati yaMagadlela Khumalo, indvuna yakaZulu lesuka esifundzeni saseMkhondo, lobekangumzala weNkhosi Mzilikazi kaMashobane.[5]

Eminyakeni lelandzelako, indzawo yekuhlala kwebukhosi yaseEmbhuleni yatfutsiselwa etindzaweni letehlukene kulentsaba yase Intsaba iDlomodlomo.[10][11] ngaphambi kwekutsi igcine isendzaweni lekuyo nyalo eBadplaas. Lokutfutselwa ekugcineni kwahambisana kakhulu nekufika kwemdzwesho, lokwaphazamisa indlela yekuphila yesintfu futsi kwahlukanisa imhlaba waseEmbhuleni waba ngemapulazi labesaphetfwe ngemaBhunu.[5]

LaMagadlela watala emantfombatana lamabili, boNkosatana File naLozindaba, kodvwa akazange abe nendvodzana. Ngemuva kwekufa kwaMswati II nga-1868, umndeni wasebukhosini bemaSwati wafuna indlela yekuchubekisa luhlanga lwaseEmbhuleni. Kwaba nekucocisana nemndeni waLaMagadlela eMkhondo, lowatfumelela intfombi lesencane, Bikwaphi Khumalo, kutsi iyewushada neNkhosana Ntjentje, indvodzana yeNkhosana Kufa, lobekangumfowabo waMswati II. Bikwaphi naNtjentje baba nendvodzana, iNkhosana Sunduza, lebeyihloselwe kuba yiNdvuna yaseEmbhuleni. Ngemuva kwekufa kwaNtjentje kanye nekufa kwaSunduza asesemncane ngenca yekugula, luhlelo lwekakha bukhosi bakaDlamini Embhuleni lwaphazamiseka.[5]

Kute kuqinisekiswe kuchubeka kweluhlanga, iNkhosana Mgwevu, lomunye wemadvodzana eNkhosana Kufa, washada naBikwaphi. Baba nebantfwana labahlanu, lokufaka ekhatsi boNkhosana James Maquba Dlamini, Mazingela kanye naMakinobho Amos. Njengobe Sunduza besefile, Maquba waba yiNdvuna yekucala leyabonwa ngekusemtsetfweni yaseEmbhuleni.[5]

Ngemuva kwekufa kwaLaMagadlela nga-1922, Bikwaphi watsatsa njengelibamba laseEmbhuleni kwaze kwaba ngulapho Maquba abekwa ngalokusemtsetfweni njengeNdvuna nga-1931. Bikwaphi wafa nga-1939. Maquba walandzelwa yiNkhosana Johannes Mkolishi Dlamini nga-1953.[5]

Bukhulu bendzawo nesimo semncele

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Ngabo-1800, umbuso wemaSwati wandza kakhulu ngaphansi kweNkhosi Mswati II, kusukela eMfuleni iNgwenyaMfuleni enyakatho kuya eMfuleni iPongola eningizimu, kanye naseNtsabeni iLebombo empumalanga kuya enkangala yasempumalanga ngasenshonalanga.[12]

Embhuleni beyiyincenye yendzawo yasemnceleni yasenshonalanga kulombuso, lebeyifaka ekhatsi tindzawo taseCarolina, Barberton, Ermelo, Piet Retief, Wakkerstroom, Standerton neLydenburg. Lendzawo beyifinyelela eMfuleni iNgwenya, ichubeke njalo ngaseMfuleni iKomati. Embhuleni beyiyinye yetindzawo letibalulekile tebukhosi lebetisebenta njengetindzawo temabutfo, letasisekela ligunya lemaSwati kusete lomncele weSwatini walamuhla. Letinye tindzawo letibalulekile bekuyiMjindini, edvute neBarberton, kanye neMekemeke, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeBarberton.[12]

Umfanekiso wendlu yemaSwati eMsamo weSwatini, Lobamba

Ngemuva kwekufa kwaMswati II nga-1868, umbuso wemaSwati wabhekana nekukhula kwemandla emaBhunu kanye nemaNgisi.[12]

Eminyakeni lembalwa ngaphambi kwekufa kwaMswati II, imincele yetindzawo lebetibuswa ngemakoloni beyisengakacaci kahle. i-Pretoria Convention ya-1881 kanye ne-London Convention ya-1884, ngesikhatsi sekutsatfwa kwemhlaba belumbi yacacisa imincele yeSwatini futsi yashiya ngaphandle tindzawo letibalulekile temadolobha nemiti yebukhosi, lokufaka ekhatsi Embhuleni.[12]

Babusi bemaSwati bachubeka baphikisana nemincele yasenyakatho nasenyakatfo-ntshonalanga, batsi Embhuleni bekuyincenye yensimu yemaSwati.[12] INkhosi Mbandzeni yachubeka nalombango kwaze kwaba sedvute nekufa kwakhe nga-1889. Noma Embhuleni yahlukaniswa ngekwetemvelo nangepolitiki neSwatini, yachubeka iyindzawo yebukhosi lebinelubudlelwane nemndeni wasebukhosini bemaSwati.[12]

Ngesikhatsi sembuso welubandlululo, umuti webukhosi waseEmbhuleni, ngaphansi kweNdvuna Mkolishi kanye neNkhosi Sobhuza II, wafaka sandla emkhankasweni wekutsi iKaNgwane, leseyincenye yeMpumalanga nyalo, ihlanganiswe neSwatini. Lomkhankaso awuzange uphumelele.[13]

Luhla lwetiNkhosi taseEmbhuleni

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Tinkhomba

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  1. 1 2 Ntshalintshali is new induna of Swazi royal tribe, Ridge Times, 18 February 2015, 13 July 2024
  2. ↑ Thwala, J. J. The Significance of the Traditional Ceremony Ummemo, among Swazi, Studies of Tribes and Tribals, Vol 15, Issue 1, 2 January 2017. Pages=23–29
  3. ↑ Prayer should be done for all', Mpumalanga News. Accessed 11 February 2023
  4. ↑ Kings and paramount chiefs of South Africa, The African Royal Families. Accessed 23 July 2023
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Matsebula, J.S; Mlotshwa, D.K; Mlotshwa, J.M; Ntiwane, N.D. The History of Emaswati in South Africa, 2016, Mbokodo Publishers. Pages 169–187, ISBN 9780620653848
  6. ↑ South Africa orders blacks out of 142-year-old village, Washington Post, 13 January 1984. Accessed 13 July 2024
  7. ↑ Matsebula, J.S.M. A History of Swaziland, 1980,Creda Press, Cape Town
  8. ↑ Myburg, A.C. The Tribes of Barberton District, Government Printer, 1949, Pretoria
  9. ↑ Myburg, A.C. Chiefs and Tribes of Nelspruit District, 1949, Department of Regional and Land Affairs, Pretoria
  10. ↑ Myburg, A.C. Die Stamme van die Distrik Carolina, 1956, Staatsdrukker, Pretoria
  11. ↑ van Warmelo, N.J. A Preliminary Survey of the Bantu Tribes of South Africa, 1935, Government Printer, Pretoria
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Macmillan, Hugh (1989): Chapter:A Nation Divided? The Swazi in Swaziland and the Transvaal, 1865–1986 edited by Leroy Vail. Title: The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa, James Currey,, University of California Press, London; Berkeley, Pages 289–315
  13. ↑ Sowing the seeds of political mobilisation in Bantustans: Resistance of the cession of the KaNgwane Bantustan to the Kingdom of Swaziland, Journal for Contemporary History, 2018, University of South Africa

Kufundza lokwengetiwe

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  • Matsebula, J.S.; Mlotshwa, D.K.; Mlotshwa, J.M.; Ntiwane, N.D. (2016). The History of Emaswati in South Africa. South Africa: Mbokodo Publishers. ISBN 9780620653848.
  • Matsebula, J.S.M. (1980). A History of Swaziland. Cape Town: Creda Press. ISBN 9780582642126.
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