Umdlavuza wemabele

Umdlavuza wemabele ngulolunye luhlobo lwemdlavuza lolunhlasela emabele. Lomdlavuza uvame kuhlasela kakhulu bantfu labasikati, kepha naladvuna nabo bangasitfola.^[1]Kucatjangwa kwekutsi unemdlavuza wemabele kuvame kucala ngekuhlolwa kanye nekukhulunywa ngetimphawu takho. Kuhlolwa ngekusebentisa titfombe kungakhombisa kutsi kukhona yini lokungajwayelekile kuloku. Kute kucinisekiswe kutsi lomdlavuza ukhona nobe cha, kukhishwa sitfo selibisi esifubeni kute sihlolwe.^[2]

Bungoti bemdlavuza wemabele

Umdlavuza ungabayigoti kakhulu nangebe ungabonwa kusenesikhatsi lesidze ukhona emtimbeni wemuntfu. kutfolakala emuva kwesikhatsi noma kuphuta kuwubona kungaba yingoti lekhulu ngoba ungagcina undlulela kuletinye tincenye temtimba, loku kwenta kwelashwa kube matima.^[1]Kukhula kwe-tumor kumdlavuza wemabele kwenteka nangabe tinhlayiya temabele letingaphili kahle tigucuke ngendlela lengakalawulwa bese tiyahlukana futsi tiphephe kubulawa tinhlayiya. Lamaseli langakavami ayandza bese akha likhula lelimatima lelingangena etihlumeni temabere letisedvutane futsi lichube kwakheka kwemitimba lengengati kute likhule. Njengobe lesifo sikhula, tinhlayiya temdlavuza tingasakateka ngekusebentisa luhlelo lwemafinyila nobe ingati, tiye kuletinye tincenye temtimba, lokuyintfo leyatiwa ngekutsi yi-metastasis. Lizinga lekukhula kwemdlavuza lisuselwa etintfweni letifana nekusebenta kwemahomoni, kugucuka kwetakhi temvelo, kanye neluhlobo kanye nesigaba sekhensa, futsi kuvisisa lenchubo kubalulekile kute kuncunywe kwelashwa kanye nekutfolwa kwekugula.^[3]

Kuhlindvwa kanye nekwelashwa kwemdlavuza wemabele kuhambisana netingoti letitsite.^[1] Tintfo letingaba yingoti kakhulu ngulokuhlindvwa tifaka ekhatsi kuba netitfo letitsatselwnako, kuba nengati kanye nekuba netilondza,lokungatamisa indlela emabele lakheke ngayo.I- chemotherapy ingabangela kuphuma kwetinwele, kuhlanta,kudzinwa,kanye nekuba sengotini yekungenwa tifo.kwelashwa ngemisebe kungabangela kutsi sikhumba sibe buhlungu,sidzinwe futsi kube nemiphumela yesikhatsi lesidze lefana ne-iymphedema nobe tinkinga tenhlitiyo. kwelashwa ngemahomoni kungabangela kushisa kakhulu, kugucuka kwesimo sengcondvo kanye nekwenyuka kwebungoti bekutsi ingati igcwale nobe i-osteoporosis.

Timphawu temdlavuza

Timphawu letivamile temdlavuza wemabele tifaka ekhatsi kuba nesicu lesingabuhlungu emabeleni nobe ngaphansi kwemikhono, kugucuka kwebubanti nobe kwakheka kwemabele, kanye netingucuko esikhumbeni letifana nekuba nemabhamuta, kubovu, nobe kukhula lokungabukeka njengelukhumba lwema orintji.^[4] Letinye timphawu tifaka ekhatsi kuba nesibindzi sekugucukela ngekhatsi, kuba nesitfwatfwa lesingajwayelekile (ikakhulu lesiba nengati), buhlungu lobungapheli esifubeni nobe esifubeni kanye nekuvuvukala kwengcenye yebele nobe libele lonkhe. Etimeni letitfutfukako, timphawu tingaphindze tifake ekhatsi kuvuvuka kwemalunga emitsambo yemitsambo lengcolile, kulahleka kwesisindvo semtimba lokungacondzakali, nobe kudzinwa.^[5]

kulashwa kwemdlavuza

Kwelashwa kwekhensa yemabele kwehlukile futsi kuya ngesigaba sekhensa, bukhulu belikhensa, luhlobo lwalo, simo se-hormone kanye nemphilo yesigulane. Kuvamile kutsi kwelashwa kwekucala kube kuhlindvwa, futsi kungafaka ekhatsi kususa lelicandza kuphela (kuhlindvwa kwelibisi lelikhubatako) nobe kususa onkhe emabele (kuhlindvwa kwelibisi lelikhubatako), ngaletinye tikhatsi kususwe nema-lymph node ladvutane nalo.^[6] I-chemotherapy isebentisa imitsi lenemandla kute ibhubhise tinhlayiya temdlavuza futsi ingase iniketwe ngaphambi kwekuhlindvwa kute kunciphe sitfo semdlavuza nobe ngemuva kwekuhlindvwa kute kuvinjelwe kutsi singaphindzi sibe khona. Kwelashwa ngemisebe kusebentisa imisebe lenemandla lamakhulu kute kubulale tinhlayiya letisele temdlavuza, lokuvame kwenteka ngemuva kwekuhlindvwa. Kwelashwa ngemahomoni kuyasebenta kumdlavuza lone-estrogen noma i-progesterone receptor positive futsi usebenta ngekuvimba ema-hormone lenta likhula lemdlavuza. Imitsi lecondzile lefana ne-HER2 inhibitors, ihlasela tinhlayiya letitsite temdlavuza, bese iyanciphisa kulimala kwemangcoliso etinhlayiya letiphilile. Etimeni letimatima kakhulu, i-immunotherapy ingaphindze isetjentiswe kusita emasotja emtimba kutsi alwe nemdlavuza. Kuhlanganiswa kwekwelashwa kwenta kutsi bantfu baphile sikhatsi lesidze futsi kunciphise ematfuba ekutsi lomdlavuza ubuye.^[7]

[:0-1] 1 2 3 https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/risks-causes/risk-factors

[2] ttps://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/treatment.html

[3] ttps://www.cdc.gov/breast-cancer/risk-factors/index.html

[4] ttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/breast-cancer

[5] ttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352470

[6] ttps://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/causes-risk-factors

[7] ttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/breast-cancer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352475

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