Eyam
I-Eyam ( /ˈiːm/) yindzawo yaseNgilandi lese Derbyshire Dales lese Peak District National Park. Kukhona bufakazi bekuhlala kwebantfu baseRoma labebagubha umthofu kulendzawo. Indzawo yekuhlala yasungulwa kulendzawo lekhona nyalo ngema-Anglo-Saxon, ngesikhatsi timayini tichubeka futsi letinye timboni takhula ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi. Nanobe kunjalo, ligama lelikhulu le-Eyamá yindzaba yekutsi lesigodzi sakhetsa njani kuhlala sodvwana kute kuvinjelwe kusakateka kwalesifo ngemuva kwekutfolwa kwe-bubonic plague lapho nga-1665.
Kubusa[hlela | edit source]
I-Eyam inemkhandlu wayo weSigodlo lonemandla lamanyenti esigabeni semphakatsi. i-Eyam imelelwe eMkhandlwini Wesigodzi sase-Derbyshire Dales futsi loku, ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi, imelelwe eMMkhandlwini Wesesifundza sase-Derbishire. Esigabeni sephalamende, lelidolobhana lisesifundzeni sase Derbyshire Dales.
Umlandvo[hlela | edit source]
Timayini temtfofu tibonakala tinemlandvo lochubekako esigodzini sase-Eyam kusukela ngesikhatsi semaRoma futsi kunebufakazi bekuhlala kusukela ekucaleni. Tindzawo tematje kanye nemigodzi yemhlabatsi etintsabeni letingetulu kwalesigodzi sekubhujisiwe, nanobe letinye tisele futsi letinye tibhalwe phansi. Tinhlavu temali letinemagama emakhosi lamanyenti tiniketa bufakazi bekumbiwa kwemayini yemtfofu yaseRoma endzaweni. Nomakunjalo, ligama lalesigodzi lisuselwa esiNgisini lesidzala futsi licala kubhalwa ku Domesday Book njenge Aium. Lolu luhlobo lweligama lelitsi ēg (sihlenge) futsi kungenteka lisho indzawo lehlanyelwako emkhatsini wetindzawo letinetjani, nobe simo sendzawo lesisemkhatsini wemifudlana lemibili.
Kubhebhetseka kwesifo lesibulalanako nga-1665[hlela | edit source]
Umlandvo walolubhubhane kulesigodzi wacala ngemnyaka wa 1665 ngesikhatsi kufika indvwangu lehlanyelwe timphungane isuka eLondon ivela ku-Alexander Hadfield, umthungi wasendzaweni. Kungakapheli liviki umsiti wakhe George Viccars, nakabona kutsi lelibhande linemswakamo, walivula. Ngekushesha washona futsi labanyenti bacala kufa emndenini ngekushesha ngemuva kwaloko.[1]
Njengoba lesifo sasakateka, labahlala kulesigodzi bacela buholi kumfundisi wabo, umfundisi William Mompesson, kanye nemfundisi we Puritan Thomas Stanley. Bacala tindlela letinyenti tekuvikela kute kuncishiswe kusakateka kwalesifo kusukela ngaMeyi 1666. Letinyatselo betifaka ekhatsi luhlelo lwekutsi imindeni ingcwabe bantfu bayo labafile kanye nekutfumela tinkonzo telisontfo endzaweni yemvelo yase Cucklett Delph, kuvumela bantfu basemaphandleni kutsi batihlukanise bese kunciphisa bungoti bekungenwa tifo. Mhlawumbe sincumo lesatiwa kakhulu bekukuhlukanisa lonkhe lesigodzi kute kuvinjelwe kusakateka kwalesifo. Batsengisi basemadolobhaneni lasedvutane batfumela tintfo lebebatishiye emadvwaleni labekiwe; labahlala kulesigodzi bese benta imigodzi lebebatigcwalisa nge vinegar kute kubulawe lemali lebeyishiywe njengemali.
NgeLisontfo Lesifo[hlela | edit source]
LiSontfo le-plague belisolo ligujwa kulesigodzi kusukela ngemnyaka wa-1866. Ekucaleni beyibanjwa emkhatsini weNgci, nyalo seyibanjwa eCucklett Delph ngeLisontfo lekugcina kuNgci, ihambisana ne-Wakes Week (lemadzala kakhulu) kanye nemikhosi yekugcoka kahle.[2]
Tindzawo letijabulisako[hlela | edit source]
Lamuhla i-Eyam inetindzawo letinyenti temlandvo. Lelinye litje lemngcele lelisemasimini lasemkhatsini we-Eyam ne-Stony Middleton lapho khona imali, levame kufakwa ku-vinegar, lebeyikholwa kutsi ibulala lesifo, beyibekwa khona kute kutfolakale kudla nemitsi. Ungulenye nje 'yetinswane letibulalanako' letibonisa umncele longeke uwele ngumuntfu lohlala kulendzawo nobe longekho. Lenye indzawo yindzawo lekhashane yemathuna e-Riley lakhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, nyalo ngaphansi kwekugadvwa yi-National Trust.
Sikhumbuto semlandvo wetimboni kulesigodzi sisele ngeligama lendzawo yekudlela, i-Miner's Arms. Yakhiwa ngemnyaka wa 1630, ngaphambi kwalolubhubhane, beyibitwa ngekutsi yi-The Kings Arms. Phambi kwalelisontfo kukhona i-Mechanics' Institute, leyasungulwa nga-1824, nanobe sakhiwo lesikhona nyalo lesinemhubhe wasungulwa nga-1859 futsi sakhuliswa nga-1894.[3] Ngalesinye sikhatsi, bekunemtapo wetincwadzi lokhokhelwa ngekubhalisa, lokwakuyinemiculu lengu-766. Nyalo lendzawo seyiphindvwe kabili njengelicembu lesigodzi. Ngetulu kwemgwaco lomkhulu kunelihholo le-Eyam lelisetjentiswe ngendlela yemaJacobean, lelakhiwa ngemuva nje kwalolubhubhane. Yacashwa futsi yaphetfwa yi-National Trust iminyaka lesihlanu kwaze kwaba ngu-December 2017 kepha nyalo iphetfwe banikati bayo (umndeni wakaWright). Loluhlata lolungaphesheya kunetintfo takadzeni tasemakhaya letisetjentiswa ekujeziseni bantfu bendzawo ngebugebengu lobuncane.
Imidvwebo yemasiko[hlela | edit source]
