I-Onchocerciasis
| I-Onchocerciasis | |
|---|---|
| Kuhlelwa kanye nemitfombolwati yangaphandle | |
| ICD/CIM-10 | B73 B73 |
| ICD/CIM-9 | 125.3 125.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 9218 |
i-Onchocerciasis, lebuye yatiwe njengekungaboni ngekwemfula kanye nesifo se-Roble, sifo lesibangelwa kungena kweligciwane lelivela kumanyokane lanetifo i-Onchocerca volvulus [1] Timphawu tifaka ekhatsi kunwayiswa njalo, emagubudla ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kanye nekungaboni.[1] Imbangela yesibili lejwayelekile yekungaboni ngenca yekusuleleka ngalesifo, ngemuva kwe-trachoma.[2]
Lamanyokane latfwele lesifo abhebhetsekiswa kulunywa yimphungane lemnyama yeluhlobo lweSimulium.[1] Kulunywa lokunyenti kwenteka ngembi kwekutsi kungene lesifo.[3] Letimphungane tihlala dvutane nemfula, kungako lesifo sibitwa njalo. [2] Uma ngabe sesimngenile umuntfu, lamanyokane akha i-larvae lekabese aphuma esikhunjeni. [1] Lapho angachubeka asulele lenye imphungane lemnyama ngalesifo bese sindluliselwa kulomunye umuntfu ngekumluma. [1] Kunetindlela letinyenti tekutfola ngalesifo kufaka ekhatsi: kwenta i-biopsy yesikhumba ku-saline leyetayelekile bese kubukelwa le-larva iphuma, bakubuka emehlweni kute babone i-larvae, nekubuka kulamagubudla lasesikhunjeni kutsi akhona manyokane lamakhulu. [4]
Umutsi wekulapha lesifo awukho.[1] Kutivikela kubita kutsi uvikele kutsi ulunywe timphungane. [5] Loku kungafaka ekhatsi kusebentisa kwekugcobisa lokubulala timphungane kanye nekugcoka timphahla letikahle. [5] Leminye imitamo ifaka ekhatsi leyo yekwehlisa linani laletimphungane ngekufutsa umutsi wekubulala tinambutane.[1] Imitamo yekucedza lesifo kutsi kulashwe onkhe emacembu ebantfu kabili ngemnyaka kuyachubeka kuletinye tindzawo letibaliwe kulamanye emave.[1] Kulashwa kwalabo lesebasuleleke ngalesifo kutsi kusetjentiswe umutsi i-vermectin njalo ngemuva kwetinyanga letisitfupha noma letilishumi nakubili. [1][6] Lomutsi wekulapha ubulala le-larva kodvwa hhayi lamanyokane lamakhulu.[7] Lomutsi i-doxycycline, lehambisana nebhakthira lebitwa nge-Wolbachia, leyenta emanyokane angabi namandla kantsi inconywa nangulabanye futsi. [7] Kukhishwa kwemagubudla ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngekuhlindvwa nako kungentiwa. [6]
Bantfu labalinganiselwa kutigidzi leti-17 kuya ku-25 banesifo sekungaboni kwemfula, kantsi labalinganiselwa ku-0.8 bona abasaboni. [3][7] Tifo letinyenti tiba khona e-sub-Saharan Afrika, nanoma nje lokunye kugula kubikiwe endzaweni yase Yemen naletinye tindzawo letise Nkhabeni kanye naseNingizimu ne Amerika.[1] Nga 1915, dokotela Rodolfo Robles nguye lowatsi lamanyokane ahambisana nesifo semehlo.[8] Ibhaliwe eluhleni leNhlangano Yetemphilo Mhlabawonkhe njengesifo sasetindzaweni letishisako lesinganakwa.[9]
Emareferensi
[hlela | edit source]- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 "Onchocerciasis Fact sheet N°374". World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness)". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Parasites – Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Epidemiology & Risk Factors". CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Diagnosis". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Prevention & Control". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Murray, Patrick (2013). Medical microbiology (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 792. ISBN 9780323086929.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Brunette, Gary W. (2011). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2012 : The Yellow Book. Oxford University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780199830367.
- ↑ Lok, James B.; Walker, Edward D.; Scoles, Glen A. (2004). "9. Filariasis". In Eldridge, Bruce F.; Edman, John D.; Edman, J. Medical entomology (Revised ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. p. 301. ISBN 9781402017940.
- ↑ Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA (October 2007). "Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review". JAMA 298 (16): 1911–24. PMID 17954542. doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1911.