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Kubusa ngemakholonisi

From Wikipedia
Indzawo yekugcina tintfo, sibonelo lesibalulekile sekubuswa ngemakholonisi lokukhombisa tintfo letehlukene, luhlelo kanye nemtselela welive nakubantfu (indzawo yekugcina EmaDutch e-V.O.C. eHugli-Chuchura, eBengal, nga-1665)

Kubusa ngemakholonisi kuyinchubo yekucosha, kusungula nekugcina kulawula nekuhlukunyetwa kwebantfu kanye nemitfombolusito ngelicembu lebantfu lababuya kulamanye emave.[1] Loku kwentiwa ngekusungulwa kwemakholonisi kanye nemakholonisi, lokwenta kutsi bantfu labahlukunyetwa bagcine tindzawo letinemakholonisi futsi batehlukanise ngekwenhlalo nangekwetemnotfo futsi baba ngaphansi kwebakholonisi kanye nelidolobha labo. Nanobe kuvame kuchubekela embili njengembuso we-imperialist, kubusa ngemakholonisi kungaphindze kutsatse luhlobo lwe-kubusa ngemakholonisi, lapho khona takhamiti letibusa ngemakholonisi tihlasela futsi titfole indzawo kute tikhone kutsatsa sikhundla semphakatsi losekhona ngeyabo labakha emakholonisi, mhlawumbe lokuholela ekubulaweni kwebantfu bemdzabu.

Kubusa ngemakholonisi kanye nenchazelo yako kungahluka kuye ngekusetjentiswa kwaleligama kanye naloko lokwentekako, [2] kantsi emakholoni asungulwa kusukela etikhatsini takadzeni. Umbono wesimanje wekubuswa ngemakholonisi wacala kuchaza imibuso yaseYurophu yeSikhatsi sanyalo. Lokubuswa kwanyalo kwakhula futsi kwasakateka mhlabawonkhe kusukela ngelikhulu lesi-15 kuya emkhatsini welikhulu lesi-20, nemibuso yaseYurophu lebeyibuswa ngemakholonisi lehlanganisa 35% welive umhlaba ngemnyaka wa 1800 futsi yafinyelela ku 84% ekucaleni kweMphi yeMhlaba Yekucala.[3] Kubusa kwanyalo kwakha kubusa lokwahlanganisa kubusa kwemasotja ngekusebentisa budlova kanye nekubandlulula, kwakha tindlela tesimanje tekutiphatsa ngekwelicansi, bulili, luhlanga, kukhubateka kanye nesigaba, phakatsi kwalokunye. Kubusa kwemave aseNshonalanga bekuvame kuvunyelwa ngetinkholelo tekutsi kube nemsebenti wekuphucukela noma kuvame kuba nemsebenti wemaKhristu wekulima umhlaba kanye nekuphila. Kulesikhatsi sanyalo, emave langasiwo emave aseNshonalanga lafana neJapan, China, kanye ne-Indonesia angenele kubusa ngemakholonisi.

Kuncishiswa kwemakholonisi, lokwacala ngelikhulu lesi-18, kancane kancane kwaholela ekutseni labahlukunyetwa batfole inkhululeko, kanye nekujikiswa kwekubusa kwemakholonisi lokwenteka ngemuva kweMphi yeMhlaba Yesibili emkhatsini wa-1945 na-1975.[4][5] Kubusa ngemakholonisi kunemtselela lochubekako emiphumeleni leminyenti yesimanje, njengoba tati tikhombise kutsi kwehlukahlukana kwetikhungo temakholonisi kungabangela kwehlukahlukana ekutfutfukisweni kwemnotfo, tinhlobo temibuso, kanye nemandla embuso.[6][7][8]

  1. Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, 1989, p. 291.
  2. 45–57. 
  3. (2–3 ed.).  Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. 429–454. 
  5. 846–860. 
  6. 1369–1401. 
  7. 65–92. 
  8. 1048–1081.