Emasiko asEswatini

From Wikipedia

 

Emasiko emaswati ayindlela yekuphila nemhambo webantfu baseswatini ngetigaba letehlukene temlandvo. Emasiko emaswati afaka ekhatsi umculo, kudla, inkholo, takhiwo, kuhlobana, kanye naletinye tintfo letinyenti. Emaswati akhiwa ngemacembu lehlukahlukene emaNguni lakhuluma lulwimi lwesiNguni siSwati. Lamuhla emaswati atfolakala kakhulu Eswatini kanye nase Ningizimu Afrika. Letinye takhamuti taseswatini letikhona lamuhla bantfu labatfole imvume yekuba maswati ngalokusemtsetfweni. Eswatini emasiko abonakala kakhulu endleleni yesintfu yekubusa kanye nemphilo yelikhaya. Eveni lonkhe, iNgwenyama ("Lion", noma iNkhosi) itsatfwa njengenhloko yesive ibambisene neNdlovukazi ("She-Elephant", noma iNdlovukazi Make) lengumholi wemoya wesive. Imicimbi yemasiko esive ivame kufaka ekhatsi iNgwenyama noma iNdlovukazi. Ekhaya, umholi wemndeni uyinhloko futsi esikhatsini lesendlulile, bekavame kutsatsa sitsembu. Lomholi, lovame kubitwa ngekutsi ngumnumzane ubaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonkhe imisebenti yasekhaya. Emakhaya akha ummango bese ummango wakha umphakatsi[1]. Imiphakatsi yakha inkhundla[2] leba yincenye yesifundza selive. Loku kuhlanganisa luhlelo lwekuhola lwendzabuko loludzala netinhlobo tahulumende tesimanje.

Kunemicimbi yemasiko yelive lefana nemhlanga, emaganu kanye nencwala leyentiwa etigodlweni teNgwenyama neteNdlovukazi. Imicimbi yemasiko endzawo yentelwa ekhaya lesikhulu lelibitwa ngekutsi kusemphakatsini. Imishado, imingcwabo kanye nemicimbi yenkholo ivame kwentiwa emakhaya lapho bomakhelwane bavame kumenyelwa khona kute bahlanganyele.

Kuhlobana kwemaSwati[hlela | edit source]

Likhaya lesintfu Eswatini.

Indzawo leyinhloko yebudlelwane yemaSwati kusekhaya, indlu yesintfu lenetjani lobomile. Ekhaya lesitsembu, umfati ngamunye uba nelilonto lakhe kanye nelibala leligegetelwe liguma lemhlanga. Kuba netakhiwo letintsatfu, sekulala, sekupheka, kanye nesekulondvolota (kuphisa tjwala). Emakhaya lamakhulu kuphindze kube nelisango kanye netindzawo tekuhlala tetivakashi. [citation needed]

Emkhatsini welikhaya lesintfu kuba nesibaya setinkhomo, indzawo lesiyingi lebiyelwe ngetingodvo letinkhulu bese ihlukaniswa ngemagala. Sibaya sekwenta imisimeto siphindze sihlobaniswe nemcebo kanye nemphumelelo. Esibayeni kuba nengungu lapho kugcinwa khona sivuno. Ngaphambi kwesibaya kuba nendlu yakagogo lapho kuhlala khona make wenhloko yemndeni. [citation needed]

Inhloko yemndeni ibaluleke kakhulu kuto tonkhe tindzaba telikhaya futsi ivame kutsatsa sitsembu. Iyahola ibe sibonelo futsi yeluleka bafati bayo kuto tonkhe tindzaba letiphatselene nelikhaya iphindze inake inhlalakahle yemndeni. Iphindze icitse sikhatsi icoca nebafana labancane, labavame kuba ngemadvodzana ayo nobe tihlobo letisedvute, ibaceceshe ngaloko lokulindzelekile nawuyinhloko yemndeni kuhlanganise nekuba yindvodza. [citation needed]

Tangoma[3][hlela | edit source]

Sangoma ngumuntfu lowakhetfwa ngulabaphasi baloyo mndeni, lochumanisa umndeni wakubo nabokhokho bawo. Kuceceshwa kwesangoma kubitwa ngekutsi "kwetfwasa". Ekupheleni kwalokuceceshwa, kuba nemcimbi wekuphotfula lapho khona tonkhe tangoma tendzawo tihlangana ndzawonye kute tidle futsi tigidze. Kuyiwa esangomeni ngetizatfu letehlukahlukene kungaba kufuna imbangela yekugula nobe yekufa. Ukusita ngekutsi "abhule", lena yindlela yekuchumana nalabaphasi ngemandla ebumnyama. Inyanga ibanelikhono lekujika ematsambo lelisentjentiswako kute kutfolakale imbangela yekugula.

Incwala[4][hlela | edit source]

Emabutfo emaSwati emkhosini wencwala
Emabutfo avunule imvulo yencwala

Umkhosi wesintfu lobaluleke kakhulu Eswatini ngumkhosi wencwala. Iba ngelilanga lesine ngemuva kwekugcwala kwenyanga, lelisedvute nelilanga lelidze, lamhlaka 21 December. Incwala ivame kuhunyushwa ngesiNgisi ngekutsi 'umkhosi wekucala wetitselo', kepha lokunambitsa kweNkhosi kwesivuno lesisha kumane kungulenye yetintfo letinyenti letiyincenye yalomkhosi lomudze. Incwala ihunyushwe kahle ngekutsi ngumkhosi weNkhosi. Nangabe kute inkhosi, kute incwala. Kulicala lelikhulu nangabe umuntfu lomunye atentela umkhosi wakhe wencwala.

Onkhe emaSwati angahlanganyela etincenyeni tencwala letivunyelwe luntfu. Lilanga lelikhulu lalomkhosi lilanga lesine lencwala lenkhulu. Bantfu lababalulekile yiNkhosi, iNdlovukazi, emakhosikati, bantfwana bayo, tindvuna tasebukhosini, tikhulu, emabutfo, kanye "nebemanti."

Umhlanga[5][hlela | edit source]

Inkhosatana Sikhanyiso Dlamini emkhosini wemhlanga
Emantfombatana agiya emkhosini wemhlanga wanga-2010

Umkhosi wesintfu lowatiwa kakhulu Eswatini ngumkhosi wemhlanga loba khona minyaka yonkhe. Kulomkhosi wemalanga lasiphohlongo, emantfombatana ageca umhlanga, awumikise eNdlovukazini bese ayagidza. (Kute umncintiswano losemtsetfweni.) Wentiwa ekupheleni kwenyanga Yengci noma ekucaleni kwenyanga Yenyoni. Emantfombatana langakashadi langenabantfwana kuphela langaba nencenye. Tinhloso talomcimbi kugcina butfobhi bemantfombatane, kuhlehlela iNdlovukazi kanye nekugcugcutela bunye ngekusebenta ndzawonye. Umndeni wasebukhosini ukhetsa intfombi eluntfwini kutsi ibe "indvuna" yemantfombatana bese imemetela emsakatweni emalanga alomkhosi. Kufanele ibe ligabazi futsi ibe nelwati ngenchubo yasebukhosini. Lomunye wemadvodzakati eNkhosi utawuba lisekela lakhe.

Umkhosi wemhlanga lamuhla awusiwo umkhosi wasendvulo kepha ukutfutfukiswa kwelisiko lelidzala "lemchwasho". Esikweni "lemchwasho", onkhe emantfombatana lasemancane abefakwa ebutfweni lemantfombatane labontsanga yawo. Nangabe kukhona intfombatana lekhulelwe ingakatsatfwa, umndeni wayo bewuhlaliswa inkhomo lebeyinikwa sikhulu. Ngemuva kweminyaka leminyenti, nangabe lamantfombatana sekafike esigabeni sekutsatfwa, bekentela iNdlovukazi umsebenti lotsite, agcine ngekugidza kanye nelidzili lekudla. Live laba ngephasi kwelisiko "lemchwasho" kwate kwaba ngu-19 August 2005.

Imisebenti yetandla[hlela | edit source]

Imisebenti yetandla yemaSwati iyashiyashiyana kusuka ekubateni kuya emihlobisweni kanye nalokunye lokunyenti.[6] Ngekwemlandvo emaSwati bekenta tintfo tekutihlobisa kanye netimphahla asebentisa buhlalu. Sibonelo saloku liigcebesha, lokugatjwako lokunemibala lemihle kanye nendlamu lokusiketi lesinemibalala lemihle semantfombatana. Tintfo letibunjiwe temlandvo Eswatini tifaka ekhatsi tindziwo letisetjentiswela ekwetfwaleni emanti, kupheka tjwala kanye nekuhlobisa. Lamabhodlela ebumba abitwa ngekutsi yi-tindziwo. Tintfo letibatwe ngeligodvo betivamile, sibonelo, umcwembe bewusentjentiswa nakuphakelwa inyama. EmaSwati bekaphindze ente tintfo letinyenti asebentisa tjani lobukhetsekile. Loku kufaka ekhatsi emacansi kanye netihlantsi lokutintfo tekuhlala letakhiwa ngetjani. Letinye tintfo letakhiwa ngetjani yimishanyelo, emabhasikidi kanye nalokunye lokunyenti.

I-Eswatini iphindze yatiwe kakhulu nasekubateni. Emabhizinisi lasebentako ase-Eswatini acashe bantfu labangetulu kwa-2 500, linyenti labo bantfu labasikati (ngekusho kwe-TechnoServe Swaziland Handcrafts Impact Study," February 2011). Lemikhicito ihlukile futsi iveta emasiko ase-Eswatini, kusuka etintfweni tasendlini, ekuhlobiseni ngebuciko, kuya engilazini leyinkimbinkimbi, ematje, nobe buciko lobentiwe ngetigodvo.

Lokunye longakubuka[hlela | edit source]

Tikhombo[hlela | edit source]

  1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umphakatsi
  2. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkhundla
  3. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_healers_of_Southern_Africa
  4. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incwala
  5. https://ss.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umhlanga_(umkhosi)
  6. https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/eswatini-experiences/culture/arts-crafts/