Emasiko aseSwatini

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Lelisiko lemaSwati yindlela yekuphila nemasiko ebantfu baseSwatini ngetindlela letehlukene temlandvo. Lelisiko lebantfu baseSwatini lifaka ekhatsi umculo, kudla, inkholo, takhiwo, kanye nebudlelwane, kanye naletinye tintfo letinyenti. Bantfu baseSwatini bakhiwa ngemacembu lehlukene emaNguni lakhuluma lulwimi lwesiNguni lokusiSwati. Labantfu bahlala kakhulu eSwatini nase Ningizimu Afrika. Kwanyalo, bantfu baseSwatini bangafaka ekhatsi takhamuti tase-Eswatini. E-Eswatini, lesinye sici lesibonakalako semasiko kusakhiwo setembusave sesintfu sesive kanye nasekhaya. Esigabeni savelonkhe, iNgwenyama ("Lion", noma iNkhosi) itsatfwa njengenhloko yesive eceleni kweNdlovukati ("She-Elephant", noma Make Ndlovukazi ) longumholi wemoya wesive. Imicimbi yemasiko esive ivame kufaka ekhatsi iNgwenyama noma iNdlovukati. Ekhaya, umholi wemndeni uyinhloko futsi esikhatsini lesendlulile, bekavame kutsatsa sitsembu. Lomholi, lovame kubitwa ngekutsi ng-umnumzane ubaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonkhe imisebenti yasekhaya. Licembu letindlu takha umphakatsi kanye nendzawo labahlala kuyo kwakha sigodlo noma umphakatsi. Tindvuna letiningi takha inkhundla lebeyiyincenye yesifundza selive. Loku kuhlanganisa luhlelo lwekuhola lwendzabuko loludzala netinhlobo tahulumende tesimanje.

Kunemicimbi nemasiko esive lafana nemhlanga, emaganu kanye nencwala leyentiwa etindzaweni tasebukhosini teNgwenyama neteNdlovukazi. Imicimbi yemasiko endzawo emiphakatsini noma yebantfubendzawo, yentiwa endlini yetindvuna lephindze yatiwe ngekutsi yi-miphakatsini. Imishado, imingcwabo kanye nemicimbi yenkholo kuvame kwentiwa emakhaya emindeni lapho bomakhelwane bavame kumenywa khona kutsi bahlanganyele.

Umsuka wemaSwati[hlela | edit source]

Indzawo yesintfu yase-Eswatini.

Indzawo lenkhulu naleyinhloko kusekhaya, indlu yesintfu lenetjani lobomile. Likhaya lelinesitsembu, umfati ngamunye unendlu yakhe kanye nelibala leligegeletelwe tindvonga temhlanga. Kunetakhiwo letintsatfu tekulala, kupheka, kanye nekugcina (nephisa tjwala). Emakhaya lamakhulu kuphindze kube netakhiwo letisetjentiswa njengendzawo yekuhlala yebafana labasengakashadi kanye netindzawo tekuhlala tetivakashi.

Emkhatsini welikhaya lesintfu kunesibaya setinkhomo, indzawo lelijika lebiyelwe ngetingodvo letinkhulu letihlangene nemagala. Sibaya setinkhomo sinemisimeto kanye nekubaluleka njengentfo yekugcina umcebo kanye neluphawu lwedvumo. Sinemigodzi lenetinhlavu levaliwe. Macondzana nendlu yetinkhomo kunendlu lenkhulu lehlala gogo welikhaya.

Inhloko yelikhaya ibaluleke kakhulu kuto tonkhe tindzaba telikhaya futsi ivame kutsatsa sitsembu. Uhola ngesibonelo futsi weluleka bafati bakhe kuto tonkhe tindzaba tasekhaya kanye nekubona kusindza kwemndeni. Uphindze acitse sikhatsi ahlangane futsi acoca nebafana labancane, labavame kuba ngemadvodzana akhe nobe tihlobo letisedvute, abaceceshe ngetintfo letilindzeleke kubo njengobe bakhula kanye nekuba yindvodza.

Tangoma[hlela | edit source]

Sangoma ngumuntfu lobhula asebentisa imimoya lokhetfwe bokhokho balomndeni. Kuceceshwa kwe Sangoma kubitwa ngekutsi "kutfwasa". Ekupheleni kwalokuceceshwa, kuba nemcimbi wekuphotfula lapho khona tonkhe tangoma tendzawo tihlangana ndzawonye kute tidle futsi tidlale. Umbhuli usetjentiswa ngetizatfu letehlukahlukene, lapho kunekugula noma ngisho kunekufa. Kuhlolwa kwaloyo muntfu kusekelwe e-"kubhuleni", inchubo yekukhulumisana, ngekusebentisa imimoya, nemandla emvelo lamakhulu. Inyanga (umcwaningi wetekwelapha kanye nemitsi ngemagama esilumbi) unemakhono ekujikijela ematsambo lasetjentiswa kutfola imbangela yalesifo.

Incwala[hlela | edit source]

Emabutfo emcimbini we-incwala
Emabutfo agcoke imvunulo ye-ncwala

Umcimbi lobaluleke kakhulu wemasiko e-Eswatini ngumcimbi we-Ncwala. Ugujwa ngelilanga lesine ngemuva kwenyeti legcwele lesedvute nelilanga lelidze, mhlaka 21 enyangeni yeNgongoni. Incwala ivame kuhunyushwa ngesiNgisi ngekutsi 'umkhosi wekucala wetitselo', kepha kunambitsa kweNkhosi kwesivuno lesisha kungulenye yetintfo letinyenti kulomkhosi lomudze. Incwala ihunyushwa kahle ngekutsi yi-Kingship Ceremony. Nangabe kute inkhosi, kute i-Incwala. Kuyinhlamba lenkhulu kutsi nobe ngubani angabamba Incwala.

Onkhe emaSwati angahlanganyela etincenyeni letahlukahlukene te-Ncwala. Sicongo salomcimbi lilanga lesine le-Incwala Lenkhulu. Bantfu lababalulekile yiNkhosi, iNdlovukazi, bafati kanye nebantfwana, tindvuna, tikhulu, emabutfo, kanye ne "bemanti" nobe "bantfu bemanti".

Umhlanga[hlela | edit source]

Inkhosatana Sikhanyiso Dlamini emkhosini wemhlanga
Emantfombatana agidza emkhosini wemhlanga wanga-2010

Umcimbi wemasiko lowatiwa kakhulu e-Eswatini ngumcimbi loba khona njalo ngemnyaka we-Umhlanga. Kulomcimbi wemalanga lasiphohlongo, emantfombatana agawula tinhlanga, atinikete iNdlovukazi bese ayagidza. (Kute umncintiswano losemtsetfweni.) Yentiwa ekupheleni kw-Ingci noma ekucaleni kwe-Nyoni. Ngemantfombatana langakashadi kuphela letebantfwana langahlanyela kulomkhosi. Tinhloso talomcimbi kugcina umtimba wemantfombatana umsulwa, kuhlonipha iNdlovukazi kanye nekugcugcutela kusebentisana ngekusebenta ndzawonye. Umndeni wasebukhosini ukhetsa intfombi leyetayelekile kutsi ibe "indvuna" (umholi) yemantfombatana bese umemetela emsakatweni tinsuku talomcimbi. Kufanele ane ngu lonelikhono ngekugidza futsi abe nelwati ngemitsetfo yasebukhosini. Lomunye wemadvodzakati eNkhosi utawuba ngumlingani wakhe.

Umkhosi we-Umhlanga lamuhla awusiwo umkhosi wasendvulo kepha kutfutfukiswa kwemgidvo lomdzala wekulahla-"umchwasho". Kulogidvo wekulahla "umchwasho", onkhe emantfombatana lasemancane abekwa ebutfweni lwebesifazane. Nangabe kukhona intfombatana lekhulelwa ngaphandle kwemshado, umndeni wayo ukhokha inhlawulo yenkhomo yinye endvuneni yendzawo. Ngemuva kweminyaka leminyenti, ngesikhatsi lamantfombatana sekafike eminyakeni yekushada, bekenta umsebenti wekusebentela iNdlovukazi, agcine ngekugidza kanye nekudla. Lelive belibuswa ngumgidvo wekuhlanteka we "umchwasho" kwaze kwaba ngu 19 Ingci 2005.

Buciko kanye nemisebenti yetandla[hlela | edit source]

Buciko bemaSwati buhluka kusuka etintfweni letibunjiwe kuya etintfweni tekutihlobisa kanye naletinye tintfo letinyenti. Ngekwemlandvo bantfu baseSwazi benta tintfo tekutihlobisa kanye netimphahla ngebuhlalu. Sibonelo saloku li-ligcebesha, umgexo lonemibala lemihle kanye ne-indlamu kanye nesiketi lesinemibala lemibili semantfombatana. Tintfo letibunjiwe temlandvo e-Eswatini tifaka ekhatsi emabhodo elubumba lasetjentiswa ekwetfwaleni emanti, kupheka kwetjwala kanye nekuhlobisa. Lamabhodo elubumba abitwa ngekutsi tindziwo. Titja letentiwe ngetigodvo betatiwa kakhulu njengetintfo tekuphakela, sibonelo, i-umcwembe lebeyisetjentiswa ekudleni inyama. EmaSwati aphindze ente tintfo letinyenti asebentisa tjani lobukhetsekile. Loku kufaka ekhatsi tjani lobitwa ngekutsi ng-emacansi kanye ne-tihlantsi. Letinye tintfo letentiwe ngetjani mishanyelo, emabhasikidi kanye nalokunye.

I-Eswatini iphindze yatiwe ngemisebenti yabo lemihle emisebentini yetandla. Emabhizinisi emisebenti wetandla lasebentako ase-Eswatini acasha bantfu labangetulu kwa-2 500, linyenti labo labasikati (ngekusho kwe-TechnoServe Swaziland Handcrafts Impact Study,"February 2011). Lemikhicito ihlukile futsi iveta emasiko ase-Eswatini, kusuka etintfweni tasendlini, ekuhlobiseni ngebuciko, kuya engilazini leyinkimbinkimbi, ematje, nobe buciko lobentiwe ngetigodvo nome ematje.

Buka futsi[hlela | edit source]

Imibhalo lebhalwe phansi[hlela | edit source]